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A neck order is a type of decoration which is designed to be worn and displayed around a person's neck, rather than hung (draped) from the chest as is the standard practice for displaying most decorations. Most of the insignia of orders are issued in several degrees which typically include a neck order version for Commanders and Grand Officers. In countries which do not typically bestow orders with degrees, neck orders are still usually considered to be high-ranking decorations. In the Middle Ages most orders were worn on a collar – see livery collar. Later, in the 17th century the insignia were worn hanging from a ribbon around the neck. When, in the late 18th century, orders were divided into several classes, the cross on a ribbon around the neck became the privilege of a commander. A decoration in that rank is usually awarded to high-ranking officials like brigadiers, consuls and secretaries of State. A female usually wears her commander's cross on a bow on the shoulder of her dress. In chivalric orders like the Order of Malta or the German Order the insignia of the knights is worn hanging from a ribbon around the neck. The same is true of the Order of the Golden Fleece.〔"Orders medals and decorations of Britain and Europe", Paul Hieronymussen, London 1967〕 In the 19th century it was not unusual to wear a Grand Cross, normally hanging from a ribbon over the shoulder to the hip as a neck order when this was considered more convenient or when another Grand Cross was worn. ==Select list of collar insignia== A number of nations confer honors which are signified in the form of an insignia on a collar or chain, including: * Order of the Garter (United Kingdom). *Order of the British Empire (United Kingdom).〔( Debrett's ): ( Order of the British Empire )〕 *Order of Canada.〔McCreery, Christopher. (2005). (''The Order of Canada: Its Origins, History and Development,'' p. 118. )〕 * Order of the Seraphim (Sweden) * Order of St Olav (Norway).〔( Decorations of HM King Harald ). May 28, 2008.〕 * Order of the Elephant (Denmark).〔 * Order of the Golden Fleece (Spain).〔 * Order of Leopold (Belgium).〔(Order of Leopold ), official website; n.b., Necklace of the Order is made out of gold and consists of three alternating parts : the crown, the lion and the figure.〕 * Order of the Chrysanthemum, Collar (Japan)〔Japan, Cabinet Office: (Decorations and Medals; ) (Order of the Chrysanthemum )〕 * Order of the Cross of Terra Mariana, Collar (Estonia).〔Estonia, Office of the President: ( Toomas Hendrik Ilves )〕 * Order of the National Coat of Arms, Collar (Estonia).〔 * Order of the White Star, Collar (Estonia).〔Chancery of the President of Estonia: ( Vaira Vike-Freiberga )〕 * Order of the Three Stars, Collar (Latvia).〔Chancery of the President of Latvia: ( Vaira Vike-Freiberga )〕 * Order of Manuel Amador Guerrero (Panama). * Order of al-Hussein bin Ali (Jordan). * Order of Idris I (Libya). * Order of the Seal of Solomon (Ethiopia). * Order of the Queen of Sheba (Ethiopia). * Order of the Hashimi (Iraq). * Order of the Liberator General San Martin (Argentina). * Mahendra Chain (Nepal).〔(Royal Ark )〕 * Birendra Chain (Nepal).〔 * Order of Independence (Tunisia). * Order of the White Rose (Finland). * Order of the Falcon (Iceland).〔 * Cordon of Honour (Sudan). * Order of Merit of the Italian Republic (Italy).〔 * Order of Merit (Chile). * Order of the Southern Cross (Brazil).〔 * Order of the Aztec Eagle (Mexico). * Order of the Seraphim (Sweden).〔( Sweden, Royal Court ): ( Order of the Seraphim )〕 * Order of the Nile (Egypt). * Order of Muhammad Ali (Egypt).〔()〕 * Fuad I Chain (Egypt).〔 * Order of Saint James of the Sword (Portugal).〔 * Order of Prince Henry (Portugal). * Order of Mubarak the Great (Kuwait). * Order of al-Khalifa (Bahrain). * Order of King Abdul Aziz (Saudi Arabia). * Order of Independence (Qatar). * Order of the Pioneers of Liberia (Liberia). * Order of Muhammad (Morocco). * Order of Carlos III (Spain).〔 * Order of Zayed (United Arab Emirates). * Order of Boyaca (Colombia). * Order of the Tower and Sword (Portugal). * Royal Victorian Chain (United Kingdom).〔(''British Orders and Decorations'' ), p. 40.〕 * Order of Chula Chom Klao (Thailand).〔 * Order of the Star of Romania (Romania).〔(The Collar/Sash of the order at the Orders Chancellary website )〕 * Order of Kamehameha I, Collar (Hawaii) 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「neck order」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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